1:1 Paul, an apostle, (not from men, neither through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him up from the dead),
1:2 and all the brethren who are with me, to the congregations* of Galatia:
1:3 grace to you* and peace from God the Father and our Lord Jesus Christ,
1:4 who gave himself concerning our sins, *that he might liberate us out of this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father:
1:5 to whom is the glory forever and ever. Amen.
1:6 I marvel that you* are so quickly transferring yourselves from him who called you* in the grace of Christ to a different good-news;
1:7 which is not another good-news, except now there are some who are disturbing you* and wish to pervert the good-news of Christ.
1:8 But even if we or a messenger from heaven, should proclaim to you* any good-news contrary to what we proclaimed to you*, let him be accursed.
1:9 As we have said before, so now I say again, if anyone proclaims to you* any good-news other than what you* received, let him be accursed.
1:10 For* am I now persuading men or God? Or am I seeking to please men? For* if I were still pleasing men, I would not be a bondservant of Christ.
1:11 For* I am making known to you*, brethren, the good-news which was proclaimed by me, that it is not according to man.
1:12 For* I neither received it from man, nor was I taught it, but I received it through a revelation of Jesus Christ.
1:13 For* you* have heard of my previous conduct in Judaism, how that I surpassingly persecuted the {F} congregation* of God and made havoc of it;
1:14 and how I progressed in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries in my own race, possessing even-more zealousness for the ancestral traditions.
1:15 But when God was delighted– he separated* me from my mother's womb, having called me through his grace,
1:16 to reveal his Son in me, that* I may proclaim him among the nations. Immediately, I did not consult with flesh and blood;
1:17 nor did I go up into Jerusalem to those who were apostles before me, but I went away into Arabia, and I returned again into Damascus.
1:18 Thereafter, after three years, I went up to Jerusalem to become-acquainted with Peter and remained with him fifteen days. {Fall 39 AD.}
1:19 But I did not see any other of the apostles, except James the Lord's brother.
1:20 Now concerning the things which I write to you*, behold, in the sight of God, I am not lying.
1:21 Thereafter I came to the districts of Syria and Cilicia.
1:22 But I was still unrecognized by face to the congregations* of Judea which were in Christ;
1:23 but they were only hearing that, He who previously persecuted us is now proclaiming the good-news of the faith of which he previously made havoc.
1:24 And they glorified God in me.
{Footnotes: Gal 1:13- Or: church/the one true church, Eph 4:1-6; discussed more in the Appendix.}